Jonah Lehrer talks about his latest book, Proust Was a Neuroscientist (Houghton Mifflin), at Bostonist (13.11.2007).
The actions of these authors, painters, and chefs seem very
deliberate in their approach to art, as if they went into their work
with a specific theory in mind. But how can you know for sure that's
how, say, Virginia Woolf approached her work?
That was an easy one because she loved her diary. That was one of
the things that surprised me while writing the book was just how
rigorous all these artists were, how seriously they took their own art.
George Eliot said her novels were a set of experiments in life. Whitman
read brain textbooks of the day and then would write poetry. All these
artists took their art very, very seriously. They didn't think they
were writing pretty things or beautiful things or making something
entertaining or diverting. They thought they were expressing something
important, something true about human nature and the human condition.
And that's something that surprised me. I don't think we see art in the
terms that Virginia Woolf saw her art anymore.
Regarding the diaries, especially the Proust chapter, did you
ever think that maybe the artists' theories were formulated in
hindsight?
I tried not to do too much psychoanalysis. I'd be the last person to
be able to tease out Virginia Woolf's true motivations or what Proust
was really up to. I tried to begin with the work itself and tried not
to spend too much time trying to parse apart their deeper motives and
their deeper messages. I just tried to begin with To the Lighthouse or In Search of Lost Time (Remembrance of Things Past) or Song of Myself,
and try to take that and interpret that and flesh out the chapters with
biographical details. I tried to make the centerpiece of each chapter
the thing itself, the painting or the symphony, or in Escoffier's case,
the cookbook. Obviously, the work of art is inseparable from the person
behind it. I try to only bring in biographical details where it was
relevant. I talk about Virginia Woolf's mental illness, which she talks
about a lot in her diary, but I talk about it in context of how it
informed the work of art, how that led her to be more introspective
about her own life. She's always watching out for symptoms of madness.
That informed her very methodical interpretation of her own brain.
How and when did you start developing your interdisciplinary approach?
It was born of indecision. I was a double major in college. I loved
novels and neuroscience. I couldn't pick one. I was lucky enough to
work in a great neuroscience lab for several years and had great
mentors. There's lots of down time in a neuroscience lab. You're always
waiting for an experiment to finish, so I'd bring in novels to read. I
was assigned Proust for a literature class. We only had to read Swann's Way,
but I really got swept away by the soap opera of it. It's really good
melodrama at its core, a love story. So I spent a few months reading
Proust while waiting for an experiment to finish, and that's when I
first had the idea that Proust had anticipated my experiment with
memory. The lab I worked at was studying the chemistry of memory, what
happens to the brain when you make a memory. I began reading Proust and
couldn't help but see connections to what I was doing in the lab.
Also see Jenny Davidson, "Misreading Minds", at Bookforum (Sep/Oct/Nov), Barbara Probst Solomon, "À La Recherche Du Thé Perdu", at The NY Sun (14.11.2007), and Mike Pride, "Concord writer stirs science with art", at Concord Monitor (06.11.2007).
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